John SOUTHWICK

                   NOTE:
      Historical detail in NOTES


QUAKERS: Source 18 p 89 quotes a letter from Quaker prisoners inBoston to the Magistrates at the Court in Salem, pleading that theywere not lawfully tried, and that their livlihoods would suffer andruin their families, if they were held."On the 11th of the Third Month, 1659, the aforesaid Laurence andCassandra Southwick, their son Josiah, Samuel Shattuck, and otherswere called before the Court, and as they continued steadfast in whatthe governor was pleased to call rebellion againnst the Authority ofthe country the Sentence of Banishment was pronounced against them,and but a Fortnight's Time allowed for them to depart, on pain ofDeath, nor would they grant them any longer Time, though desired: Sothe said Samuel Shattuck, Nicholas Phelps, and Josiah Southwick wereobliged to take an Opportunity that presented four Days after to passfor England by Barbadoes. The aged couple Laurence and Cassandra wentto Shelter Island where shortly after they died within three Days ofeach other; and Joshua Buffum departed to Rhode Island." (Vol. II,pagee 193."Quakers were badly persecuted, fined, imprisoned, and put death.William Robinson, Marmaduke Stephenson, William Leddra, and Mary Dyerwere hanged in Boston for adhering to their religion, and WenlockChristisen was under sentence of death.On September 9, 1661, the King of England ordered that any Quakers whowere imprisoned or to be punished should be sent to England forhearing. Six weeks after the ship left England with these orders, theyreached New England, and Quakers were released. Persecution wasdiscontinued for a time, but whipping and imprisonment were laterresorted to, but never to the same extent.